What is API 5L X65 Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe?

　　API 5L X65 carbon steel seamless pipe also known as L450 pipe, is a high-grade pipe in API 5L (ISO 3183) specification for oil and gas transportation. X stands for pipeline steel in API Spec 5L standard, and 65 is the strength grade in kpsi. It is called X65 pipe or L415 pipe because its required minimum yield strength is 65000 Ksi or 450 MPa. Like other API 5L pipes, X65 pipe has two product specification grades PSL1 and PSL2, which are required for sour service in some cases.

　　API 5L X65 Pipe Specifications:Although X65 pipe is a high-quality material, it is still a carbon steel pipe rather than an alloy pipe. Its specifications and performance are in line with the carbon steel range.

　　Implementation standard: API SPEC 5L Line Pipe Specification PSL2, suitable for seamless pipes for marine environments.

　　Product specifications: outer diameter ranges from 21.3mm to 1026mm, wall thickness ranges from 2.0mm to 120mm.

　　Production method: hot rolling, cold drawing, hot expansion.

　　Delivery status: heat treatment.

　　API 5L X65 carbon steel seamless pipe is a high-strength, high-corrosion-resistant, high-toughness casing material, which is widely used in oil and gas drilling and transportation. Its characteristics and advantages include the following:

　　1. High strength: X65 seamless pipe is made of high-strength steel, with high yield strength and tensile strength, and can withstand huge pressure under high pressure and high temperature environment. The tensile strength of X65 steel pipe can reach 570MPa, the compressive strength can reach 760MPa, and the fracture toughness can reach 20%.

　　2. Corrosion resistance: X65 seamless pipe can effectively resist the erosion of various corrosive media through galvanized layer and anti-corrosion coating, reduce corrosion damage on the surface of seamless pipe, and extend service life.

　　3. High toughness: X65 seamless pipe has good toughness and impact resistance, and can withstand shock and vibration during drilling and transportation.

　　4. Good weldability: X65 seamless pipe material has good weldability, can be welded and connected on site, and simplify the construction process.

　　5. Wide adaptability: X65 seamless pipe can be applied to different geological environments and engineering needs, including land and offshore drilling, oil field development, oil and gas transportation, etc.

　　6. Economical: X65 seamless pipe is made of cost-effective steel, with low production and use costs.

　　7. Environmentally friendly: X65 seamless pipe material can be recycled and has less impact on the environment.

　　Chemical composition:

　　Mass fraction of API 5L X65Q seamless pipe, based on metallurgical analysis and product analysis, maximum percentage:

　　Carbon: ≤0.18,

　　Silicon: ≤0.45,

　　Manganese: ≤1.70,

　　Phosphorus: ≤0.025,

　　Sulfur: ≤0.015.

　　Mechanical properties:

　　Yield strength: 450MPa~565MPa;

　　Tensile strength: 535MPa~760MPa, yield ratio ≤0.93.

　　API 5L X65 PSL1

　　API 5L X65 grade or L450 PSL1 pipe is a common carbon steel material among the three types, which is widely used (non-corrosive environment, but high-pressure pipelines require certain mechanical properties). Therefore, its C, Mn, Si, P, S content is higher than the other two types. (The lower the content of these chemical elements, the purer the steel). X65 PSL1 pipe has a minimum yield strength of 450 Mpa (65300 psi) and a minimum tensile strength of 535 Mpa (77600 psi).

　　API 5L X65 PSL2

　　For API 5L X65 PSL2 (API 5L X65Q/M or L450Q/M), C ≤ 0.18, Si ≤ 0.18, Mn ≤ 1.70, P ≤ 0.025, S ≤ 0.015, all of which have lower values than PSL1. Since PSL2 requires CEq ≤ 0.43, and CEpcm ≤ 0.25. (Ceq is the carbon equivalent, which affects the weldability and strength values of the steel). Therefore, the mechanical strength of API 5L X65 PSL2 pipe (welded and seamless) has a maximum limit: yield strength 450 – 600 Mpa (65300 psi to 87000 psi), tensile strength 535 to 760 Mpa (77600 psi to 110200 psi)

　　Application areas of X65 carbon steel seamless pipe:

　　1. Oil and gas industry

　　X65 seamless steel pipe is widely used in oil and gas transmission pipelines, oil well casings, drill pipes, etc. due to its excellent corrosion resistance and strength. It can withstand the high temperature and high pressure environment in deep wells to ensure the safe transportation of oil and gas.

　　2. Chemical industry

　　In the chemical industry, X65 seamless steel pipe is used to manufacture reactors, pressure vessels, storage tanks and other equipment. Due to its excellent corrosion resistance, it can resist the erosion of various chemical substances and ensure the long-term stable operation of chemical equipment.

　　3. Shipbuilding

　　Ships operate in the marine environment and need to withstand complex corrosion and stress environments. X65 seamless steel pipes are used in shipbuilding to manufacture hull structures, decks, cabins and other parts to improve the durability and safety of ships.

　　4. Power industry

　　In the fields of thermal power generation and nuclear power generation, X65 seamless steel pipes are used to manufacture key parts such as steam pipes and nuclear reactor pipes. Its high strength and high temperature resistance ensure the reliable operation of power equipment.

　　Mechanical manufacturing: In the mechanical manufacturing industry, X65 seamless steel pipes are widely used to manufacture various heavy equipment, such as excavators, cranes, rolling mills, etc. Its high strength and wear resistance enable these equipment to operate for a long time in harsh working environments.

　　API 5L X65 Carbon steel seamless pipe is a low-alloy high-strength carbon steel pipe manufactured through precision heat treatment and processing. Its characteristics include high strength, high toughness, high corrosion resistance, and excellent fatigue resistance. These characteristics enable X65 seamless steel pipe to withstand extremely high pressure and temperature, and maintain a long and stable service life under complex environmental conditions. It is widely used in bridges, ships and marine engineering.